据世界石油1月4日消息称，随着向能源匮乏的欧洲输送的液化天然气数量激增，美国上个月有史以来首次成为全球最大的液化天然气出口国。
根据彭博汇编的船舶追踪数据，在 Sabine Pass 和自由港设施的出口激增后，美国设施的产量在 12 月略高于卡塔尔。切尼尔能源上个月表示，其位于路易斯安那州的 Sabine Pass 工厂的新生产装置生产了第一批货物。
页岩气革命，加上数十亿美元的液化设施投资，使美国在不到10年的时间里从一个液化天然气净进口国变成了最大出口国。自2010年以来，天然气产量激增了约70%，一旦Venture Global LNG的Calcasieu Pass终端上线，预计到2022年底，该国将成为世界上出口能力最强的国家。
但美国作为最大液化天然气出口国的地位可能是昙花一现。出口仅略高于卡塔尔和澳大利亚，任何生产问题都可能影响排名。展望未来，卡塔尔正在计划一个庞大的出口项目，将于本世纪20年代末投入使用，这可能会巩固这个中东国家作为头号燃料供应国的地位。
埃森哲全球能源业务高级董事总经理Muqsit Ashraf表示:“卡塔尔和美国将在未来十年争夺世界上最大的液化天然气生产国。”
与此同时，美国液化天然气出口的激增将有助于缓解全球供应紧张。欧洲正面临冬季能源危机，公用事业公司正努力应对天然气库存季节性偏低的问题。去年12月，海外买家购买了美国13%的天然气产量，比五年前增长了七倍，当时将燃料运出美国所需的大部分基础设施还不存在。
朱佳妮 摘译自 世界石油
原文如下：
U.S. claims title of world’s largest LNG exporter
The U.S. became the world’s No. 1 exporter of liquefied natural gas for the first time ever last month, as deliveries surged to energy-starved Europe.
Output from American facilities edged above Qatar in December after a jump in exports from the Sabine Pass and Freeport facilities, according to ship-tracking data compiled by Bloomberg. Cheniere Energy Inc. said last month that a new production unit at its Sabine Pass plant in Louisiana produced its first cargo.
A shale gas revolution, coupled with billions of dollars of investments in liquefaction facilities, transformed the U.S. from a net LNG importer to a top exporter in less than a decade. Gas production has surged by roughly 70% from 2010 and the nation is expected to have the world’s largest export capacity by the end of 2022 once Venture Global LNG’s Calcasieu Pass terminal comes online.
But the U.S.’s position as top LNG shipper may be short-lived. Exports were just a hair above those from Qatar and Australia, and any production issues could affect the rankings. Looking further out, Qatar is planning a gargantuan export project that will come online in the late 2020s, which could cement the middle eastern nation as the top supplier of the fuel.
“Qatar and the U.S. will be vying for being the largest LNG producers in the world over the next decade,” said Muqsit Ashraf, senior managing director of Accenture’s global energy practice.
In the meantime, the jump in U.S. LNG exports will help ease a global supply crunch. Europe is facing a winter energy crisis as utilities grapple with seasonally low natural gas inventories. Overseas buyers purchased 13% of U.S. gas production in December, a seven-fold increase from five years earlier when most of the infrastructure required to ship the fuel out of the country didn’t yet exist.
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