据管道&天然气杂志网2月24日路透社报道，美国能源情报署(Energy Information Administration，简称EIA)周三表示，上周美国原油日产量在得克萨斯州严寒期下降逾100万桶，为有史以来最大单周降幅，炼油业务跌至2008年以来未见的水平。
据EIA称，在截至2月19日的一周内，美国石油日产量减少110万桶，至970万桶，因严寒迫使该州大部分电网停电，石油运营商和炼油厂因零部件和管道冻结而被迫关闭。
一些分析师曾估计产量下降的数字要高得多，据说页岩油气田由于寒冷已基本停产。然而，每周的生产数据包含了大量的估算，而每月的数据（发布滞后）被认为更为准确。
然而，油田生产正在回升，德克萨斯州和新墨西哥州二叠纪盆地规模较大的页岩油运营商之一先锋自然资源公司(Pioneer Natural Resources)表示，其大部分生产已经恢复。
美国二叠纪盆地石油协会主席Ben Shepperd表示，“据我所知，我与首席执行官和运营商交谈后发现，大多数人都已经复工了。”
然而，这次寒冷风暴可能会使今年的总日产量减少大约20万-50万桶，这取决于老油井和可能无法恢复的未完工油井的状况。
Price Futures驻芝加哥高级分析师菲尔?弗林(Phil Flynn)表示，有人担心，这将是产量长期下降。
报告公布后，油价上涨，贸易员预计炼油需求将反弹。截止美国东部时间下午12:32（格林尼治标准时间17:32），美国原油期货上涨1.48美元，至每桶63.13美元，涨幅2.4%，布伦特原油上涨1.66美元，至67.05美元，涨幅2.5%。
当周炼油厂原油日产量减少260万桶，至1,220万桶，为2008年9月以来最低。EIA称，当周炼油厂利用率下降14.5%，至产能的68.6%，墨西哥湾沿岸炼油中心的许多设施关闭。其中许多业务，包括Motiva企业的亚瑟港工厂，现在正在重新启动。
当周原油库存增加130万桶，至4.63亿桶，而路透调查分析师预估为减少520万桶。
俄克拉荷马州库欣的原油库存增加了280万桶。
EIA表示，美国原油净进口量增加24.9万桶/日，根据数据显示，仅进口就减少130万桶至约460万桶/日，为1992年以来最低。
美国汽油库存增加1.2万桶，至2.571亿桶，而预测减少310万桶。
根据EIA数据显示，包括柴油和取暖油在内的馏分油库存本周减少500万桶，至1.527亿桶，而预期减少370万桶。
郝芬 译自 管道 & 天然气杂志网
原文如下：
EIA: U.S. Crude Output Falls 10%, Refinery Runs Drop to 2008 Low
U.S. crude oil production dropped by more than 1 million barrels per day last week during Texas's deep freeze, equaling the largest weekly fall ever, and refining runs tumbled to levels not seen since 2008, the Energy Information Administration said on Wednesday.
Overall output fell by 1.1 million bpd to 9.7 million bpd in the week to Feb. 19, the EIA said, as the brutal cold forced most of the state's power grid offline, and oil operators and refiners were forced to shut as components and pipelines froze.
Some analysts had estimated far higher figures for production declines, with some saying shale fields had largely shut down due to the cold. Weekly production figures incorporate heavy estimates, however, and monthly data - which is issued on a lag - is considered more accurate.
Oilfield output is rebounding, however, with Pioneer Natural Resources, one of the larger shale operators in Texas and New Mexico's Permian basin, saying most of its production has returned.
“It’s my understanding as I’ve talked to CEOs and operators that most folks are back online," said Ben Shepperd, president of the Permian Basin Petroleum Association.
The storms, however, may reduce overall output for the year by roughly 200,000 to 500,000 bpd, depending on the status of older wells and unfinished wells that may not recover.
"There is some concern that this will be a long-term permanent production drop," said Phil Flynn, senior analyst at Price Futures in Chicago.
Oil prices rose after the report, and as traders anticipate refining demand to rebound. U.S. crude futures gained $1.48, or 2.4%, to $63.13 a barrel as of 12:32 p.m. EST (1732 GMT), while Brent rose $1.66, or 2.5%, to $67.05.
Refinery crude runs fell by 2.6 million bpd in the week to 12.2 million bpd, the lowest since September 2008. Refinery utilization rates slumped by 14.5% to 68.6% of capacity on the week, the EIA said, as numerous facilities in the refining hub along the Gulf Coast shut down. Many of those operations, including Motiva Enterprises' Port Arthur facility, were now restarting.
Crude inventories rose by 1.3 million barrels in the week to 463 million barrels, compared with analysts' expectations in a Reuters poll for a 5.2 million-barrel drop.
Crude stocks at the Cushing, Oklahoma, delivery hub rose by 2.8 million barrels.
Net U.S. crude imports rose by 249,000 bpd, the EIA said, but imports alone dropped by 1.3 million bpd to about 4.6 million bpd, the lowest since 1992, the data showed.
U.S. gasoline stocks rose by 12,000 barrels to 257.1 million barrels, compared with expectations for a 3.1 million-barrel drop.?
Distillate stockpiles, which include diesel and heating oil, fell by 5 million barrels in the week to 152.7 million barrels, versus expectations for a 3.7 million-barrel drop, the EIA data showed.
