据油价网2023年8月11日报道，除了地缘政治冲突之后的那段时间外，欧洲加氢型炼油厂的盈利能力目前处于历史最高水平。
国际能源署（IEA）日前在其最新的石油市场报告(OMR)中表示，尽管欧洲经合组织炼油厂的盈利能力接近历史最高水平，但6月份炼油厂的平均利用率仅为81%，比去年同期减少了53万桶/天，使欧洲炼油成为“运营表现不佳的中心”。
IEA表示，最重要的是，欧洲炼油商无法利用最近油价上涨和炼油利润率提高带来的好处。
至于欧洲炼油业的前景，这是“具有挑战性的”。IEA表示，世界其他地区的炼油问题可能也会很严重。在欧洲，第三季度的炼油厂日产量预计将同比减少60万桶。经合组织美洲国家的炼油厂日产量将减少25万桶。
由于欧洲、美国和亚洲极端气温，炼油厂的运行受到限制，这在冷却空气和水的必要步骤方面产生了技术问题。IEA还指出，制裁是炼油厂面临障碍的一部分，尤其是那些过去从德鲁日巴管道接收原油和原料的炼油厂。而且，由于并非所有等级原油都相同，依赖重等级原油的炼油厂(目前供应紧张)无法满负荷运转，而使用轻等级原油的炼油厂则是满负荷运转。这也意味着炼油商无法充分利用他们升级的产能。
欧洲和美国也受到计划外炼油厂停产的打击，例如埃克森美孚公司的巴吞鲁日炼油厂，瓦莱罗能源公司在得克萨斯州的麦基炼油厂，壳牌公司在鹿特丹港的佩尼斯炼油厂，英国石油公司的印第安纳炼油厂和道达尔能源公司在得克萨斯州的亚瑟港炼油厂。
李峻 译自 油价网
原文如下：
IEA: European Refiners Aren't Taking Advantage Of Higher Margins
Profitability among Europe’s hydroskimming refineries is now the highest on record, with the exception of the time immediately following the geopolitcal conflicts.
But even with profitability at a near all-time high, utilization in European OECD refiners averaged just 81% in June—530,000 bpd less than the same month last year and making European refining the “epicentre of the operational underperformance,” the IEA said in its latest Oil Market Report (OMR).
The bottom line, according to the IEA, is that refiners are incapable of taking advantage of the recent price hikes and better margins.
As for the outlook for European refining, that’s “challenging”. Refining issues will likely be rampant in other parts of the world as well, the IEA said. For Europe, refinery runs in the third quarter are expected to be 600,000 bpd under Q3 last year. OECD Americas countries will see refinery runs 250,000 bpd less y/y.
Refinery runs have been constrained due to extreme temperatures in Europe, the United States, and Asia, which creates technical problems with the necessary step of cooling air and water. The IEA also cited sanctions as part of refinery hurdles, particularly for refineries that in the past received crude and feedstocks from the Druzhba pipeline. And because all grades are not equal, refineries that rely on heavier grades—of which is now in tight supply—are not running at full capacity, while refineries that use lighter grades are maxed out to compensate. It also means that refiners are unable to fully utilize their upgrading capacity.
Europe and the United States have also been hit with unplanned refinery outages, such as Exxon’s Baton Rouge refinery, Valero’s McKee refinery in Texas, Shell’s Pernis refinery in Rotterdam, BP’s Indiana refinery, and TotalEnergies’ Port Arthur refinery in Texas to name just a few.
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