据烃加工网2月3日报道，根据几个正在建设或即将开始开发的项目的公告，到2025年底，美国可再生柴油的产能可能会比目前的水平增加一倍以上。
美国可再生柴油产能增长背后的两个因素是州和联邦可再生燃料计划目标的提高以及基于生物质的柴油税收抵免。2022年《通胀削减法案》将生物质柴油税抵免延长至2024年。据估计，2022年底，美国可再生柴油日产能为17万桶，即26亿加仑/年。尽管预计一些已宣布的项目将被推迟或取消，但如果所有项目如期运营，到2025年底，美国可再生柴油日产能将达到38.4万桶，即59亿加仑/年。
可再生柴油是一种与石油柴油化学等效的燃料，其性能特征几乎相同。生物柴油的情况并非如此，生物柴油在化学上与石油柴油不同。可再生柴油与石油柴油的化学等效性使其优于生物柴油。其中一个优点是生产商可以在石油柴油管道中分配可再生柴油。第二个优点是，传统柴油发动机可以消耗任何混合水平的可再生柴油，包括纯可再生柴油，而且没有明显的副作用。相比之下，按体积计算，生物柴油只能与石油柴油混合在2%至20%之间。
在联邦可再生燃料标准（RFS）、加州低碳燃料标准（LCFS）、俄勒冈州清洁燃料计划和华盛顿州清洁燃料计划等项目中，可再生柴油在现有燃料中的温室气体（GHG）减排得分最高。
由于可再生柴油与现有石油基础设施中的石油柴油可互换，以及政府的激励措施，美国对新的可再生柴油生产能力的投资最近大幅增长。2022年和2023年初，以下8家新的可再生柴油炼油厂开始生产：
*CVR Energy位于俄克拉荷马州温纽伍德的工厂
*Diamond Green Diesel在得克萨斯州亚瑟港的工厂
*HollyFrontier位于新墨西哥州阿特西亚的工厂
*HollyFrontier位于怀俄明州夏延的工厂
*蒙大拿可再生能源公司在蒙大拿大瀑布附近的工厂
*New Rise Renewables位于内华达州里诺市的工厂
*Seaboard Energy位于堪萨斯州Hugoton的工厂
*壳牌位于路易斯安那州诺科的工厂
目前计划开始运行的生产能力可以使可再生柴油在西海岸的柴油消费中贡献更大的份额。美国的大多数可再生柴油历来都是在西海岸消费的，在那里，生产商可以利用RFS的RIN信用额度和州可再生燃料计划的州信用额度。2021年，西海岸平均每天消耗52万桶馏分燃料油。该地区也是美国最大的可再生柴油进口地区，如果国内可再生柴油产能按计划增加，到2025年，可再生柴油将很快满足其大部分馏分燃料需求。
郝芬 译自 烃加工网
原文如下：
Domestic renewable diesel capacity could more than double through 2025
U.S. production capacity for renewable diesel could more than double from current levels by the end of 2025, based on several announcements for projects that are either under construction or could start development soon.
Two factors behind growing U.S. renewable diesel capacity are rising targets for state and federal renewable fuel programs and biomass-based diesel tax credits. The Inflation Reduction Act of 2022 extended the biomass-based diesel tax credits through 2024. We estimate U.S. renewable diesel production capacity was 170,000 barrels per day (b/d), or 2.6 billion gallons per year (gal/y), at the end of 2022. Although we expect some announced projects will be delayed or canceled, if all projects begin operations as scheduled, U.S. renewable diesel production capacity could reach 384,000 b/d, or 5.9 billion gal/y, by the end of 2025.
Renewable diesel is a fuel that is chemically equivalent to petroleum diesel and nearly identical in its performance characteristics. The same is not true of biodiesel, which is chemically different from petroleum diesel. Renewable diesel’s chemical equivalence to petroleum diesel gives it a couple of advantages over biodiesel. One advantage is that producers can distribute renewable diesel in petroleum diesel pipelines. A second advantage is that traditional diesel engines can consume any blend level of renewable diesel, including pure renewable diesel, with no significant side effects. In contrast, biodiesel can only be blended into petroleum diesel between 2% and 20% of the diesel fuel by volume.
Renewable diesel has some of the highest greenhouse gas (GHG) reduction scores among existing fuel pathways in programs such as the federal Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS), the California Low-Carbon Fuel Standard (LCFS), the Oregon Clean Fuels Program, and the Washington State Clean Fuels Program.
Investment in new renewable diesel production capacity has recently grown significantly in the United States because of renewable diesel’s interchangeability with petroleum diesel in existing petroleum infrastructure and because of government incentives. In 2022 and early 2023, the following eight new renewable diesel refineries began production:
*CVR Energy’s plant in Wynnewood, Oklahoma
*Diamond Green Diesel’s plant in Port Arthur, Texas
*HollyFrontier’s plant in Artesia, New Mexico
*HollyFrontier’s plant in Cheyenne, Wyoming
*Montana Renewables’ plant in Great Falls, Montana
*New Rise Renewables’ plant in Reno, Nevada
*Seaboard Energy’s plant in Hugoton, Kansas
*Shell’s plant in Norco, Louisiana
The production capacity currently scheduled to begin operation could allow renewable diesel to contribute to a greater share of West Coast diesel consumption. Most renewable diesel in the United States has historically been consumed on the West Coast, where producers can take advantage of both RIN credits from the RFS and state credits from one of the state renewable fuel programs. An average of 520,000 b/d of distillate fuel oil was consumed on the West Coast in 2021. The region, which is also the largest renewable diesel importing region in the United States, could soon meet the majority of its distillate fuel needs from renewable diesel by 2025 if domestic renewable diesel capacity does, in fact, increase as scheduled.
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